Lung diseases are some of the most common medical conditions in the world. Tens of millions of people suffer from lung disease in the U.S.Smoking, infections, and genetics are responsible for most lung diseases.
The lungs are part of a complex apparatus, expanding and relaxing thousands of times each day to bring in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide. Lung disease can result from problems in any part of this system.
The trachea (windpipe) branches into tubes called bronchi, which in turn branch to become progressively smaller tubes throughout the lungs.
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are noninfectious, chronic illnesses that can cause coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Persons with asthma or COPD can suffer exacerbations as a result of infectious respiratory diseases.
They are also at risk of exacerbations due to increased exposure to environmental asthma triggers and lack of their routine medications. Many of the germs that cause respiratory diseases spread in respiratory droplets caused by coughing and sneezing. These germs usually spread from person to person when they are in close contact with one another, though sometimes people become infected by touching something with respiratory germs on it and then touching their mouth or nose.
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